Forty-four states permit the use of assisted outpatient treatment, also called outpatient commitment. Assisted outpatient treatment is court-ordered treatment which can include medication for individuals who have a history of medication noncompliance, as a condition of remaining in the community. Studies and data from states using assisted outpatient treatment prove that these programs are effective in reducing the incidents and duration of hospitalization, homelessness, arrests and incarcerations, victimization, and violent episodes. Assisted outpatient treatment also increases treatment compliance and promotes long-term voluntary compliance.